Ethical Issues Of Group Counseling - 2335 Words

Ethical Issues in Group Counseling Introduction Group counseling offers multiple relationships to assist an individual in growth and problem solving. In-group sessions, members are encouraged to discuss the issues that brought them into therapy openly and honestly. The counselor works to create an atmosphere of trust and acceptance that encourages members to support one another. Ethics plays a major role in-group counseling, it takes an effective leader to be aware of ethical considerations. Counselors must hold a keen understanding of ethics when it comes to counseling. It is a challenge for group counselors more than those counselors who conduct one on one sessions due to the fact that leaders not only need to be aware of their own actions but also the actions of the group members to maintain an ethical environment for all individuals in which the group consists of (Corey, Williams, and Moline, 1995). Being held accountable for groups ethical standards can be an issues because one individual may feel their actions/statements a re ethical while another may feel the same action or statement are unethical. Group Members ACA Code of Ethics, states in section A.8 â€Å"Counselors screen prospective group counseling/therapy participants. To the extent possible, counselors select members whose needs and goals are compatible with goals of the group, who will not impede the group process, and whose well being will not be jeopardized by the group experience.† Members should also beShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of Group Counseling2422 Words   |  10 PagesVarious ethical issues will be explored that are in play within group counseling. These are issues that are strictly unique to group therapy. In group counseling, there are set of ethical standards and codes that a counselor should adhere to throughout the counseling in the process. The counselor is expected to follow these standards, as set for by professional counseling associations that govern their state, to ensure that confidentiality and professionalism are upheld in the counseling settingRead MoreEthical Issues Of A Group Counseling Ses sion2301 Words   |  10 Pageswill explore the various ethical issues that arise during a group counseling session. There are certain ethical standards that a counselor should uphold in group counseling session, from the initial stages of forming a group, to the working stage of a counseling group, a group leader should uphold definitive ethical moral codes. This paper will also enlighten the various ways that a group counselor should act in the midst of conflict as well as confidentiality within the group. Later we will concludeRead MoreEthical Issues in Group Counseling Essay2126 Words   |  9 PagesEthical Issues in Group Counseling COUN 612: Mental Health Ethics, Law and Practice April 28, 2011 Introduction Group counseling offers multiple relationships to assist an individual in growth and problem solving. Groups are an excellent treatment choice for numerous intrapersonal and interpersonal issues, and in helping people to change. Groups provide a sense of community to its members allowing them to see that they are not alone. In group therapy sessions, members are encouraged to discussRead MoreEthical Issues Of Group Therapy And Individual Counseling Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Issues in Group Therapy and Individual Counseling Nichole Halls Liberty University Abstract Ethics or morals can be defined as right and wrong. It shapes our worldview by the choices that we make. It is a set of principles of right conduct, or a theory or system of moral values. High ethical values are crucial to our individual lives. Most people when they think of ethics, they tend to refer to the golden rule† do unto others, as you would have them do unto you†. This paper will look atRead MoreEthical Issues Unique For Group Therapy And Individual Counseling921 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Issues Unique to Group Therapy and Individual Counseling Clients and therapists now have the options between individual and group counseling as methods to help to work through life changes and cope with issues in relationships, addictions, feelings, grief, stress and many others. One method is not better than the other since each person’s circumstance and expectation of therapy is different. Jacobs et al. highlights how a combination of both methods is also beneficial (2012). An effectiveRead MoreGroup Counseling1524 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: Growing Trends in Group Counseling Growing Trends in Group Counseling: Ethical and Technological Issues that Effect Vocational Rehabilitation Term Paper By Diadra McGraw 546 Group Counseling Dr. B. Canfield February 26, 2008 Abstract This paper explores the different ways in which group counseling can be used for the purpose of Vocational Rehabilitation. It also gives detailed information of how technology can be used in group counseling during Vocational RehabilitationRead MoreEthics and Licensed Professional Counselor1175 Words   |  5 Pagesthe agency has asked Barbara to develop a counseling group to serve the needs of these individuals. a. What ethical matters should Barbara consider as she plans this group?Probably the most familiar of ethical issues , is the expectation that communications and information from participants in the course of this community program (including conversations, written or taped records, notes, test results, etc.) will be kept confidential. Because ethical issues are not always cut and dried, community programsRead MoreJournal Articles Summary: Group Psychotherapy1118 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: JOURNAL ARTICLES SUMMARY Journal Articles Summary: Group Psychotherapy Self-disclosure in Psychotherapy Supervisors: Gender Differences This journal article discusses the issue of self-disclosure in psychotherapy, which is greatly affected by the gender differences. The relationship between the supervisors and the trainees is very much dependent upon the relation of the two. Sometimes they become so familiar with each other that they get involve in sexual relationships, which isRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Raised When Services Are Delivered For Non Office, Off Site Settings Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesIssues Raised When Services are Delivered in Non-Office, Off-Site Settings Anthony M Luciano Tanya M Giglio Mercy College In this paper, we will illustrate the issues that present when providing counseling in a non-office, off-site setting. We will explore two different kinds of counseling that occur in a space that is not a traditional office including in-home counseling and the rise of wilderness programs. These two modalities both have a limited amount of research on their efficacy andRead MoreThe Ethics Of Group Counseling885 Words   |  4 PagesEthics in Group Counseling According to the American Counseling Association (ACA, 2014) Code of Ethics, ethical principles are based on a set of values that include autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, fidelity, and veracity. These ethics apply to all types of counseling, including both group and individual therapy; however, different aspects of these ethical guidelines must be considered based on the therapeutic approach. This paper will identify several of these ethical issues as they

The Issue of Forced Marriage - 1140 Words

Girls all over the world are forced into marriages due to financial necessity, tradition and to ensure their future. Most of these girls married are at a young age: â€Å"One third of the world’s girls are married before the age of 18 and 1 in 9 are married before the age of 15†( â€Å"Child Marriage Facts and Figures†). The young ages of those being married reveal how crucial it is to resolve this problem. When child marriage occurs the parents of the bride usually chose the groom for their daughters; and these grooms can be three times older than the young brides. Some children are brought into the world of marriage at the of 8 or sometimes less depending on their cultural views. The following can be used to help reduce the impact of early†¦show more content†¦Agreements such as this can lift the burden of paying for a girl’s education, thus making it easier for parents to choose to educate their children, instead of marrying them off. In rural areas of underdeveloped countries, the practice of child marriage is on the rise due to the fact that most of the girls being married off are not educated enough to know there are laws in place to protect them. Being oblivious of their rights, children are being married off before they are able to comprehend the harm brought upon them. Having knowledge of laws that protects them from being married before they are ready can assist them in taking steps to prevent the occurrence of early marriage. Educating young girls about their rights is one way of ensuring that one child may be kept safe from having to face the atrocities of marriage with mostly older men. We can accomplish this by setting up organizations that can go to different villages and provide information on how marriage at a young age can have negative effects on the health of young wives. These organizations could even work with the government to provide shelters for girls who are trying to escape the wickedness of early marriage. If the girls are already in an early marriage, then these girls can be provided with information on birth control. Since all of these young girls are forced into motherhood without their consent, having the choice of taking birth control can helpShow MoreRelatedArranged Marriage Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pages) An ugly, inhuman, act like forced marriage has been practiced throughout history for centuries in one way or another; men and women, especially women, were forced into marriages by their parents, guardians, authorities or rulers for various reasons, and they went through inexplicable sufferings. Up until the late 18th century and early 19th century, when the literary and intellectual movement of romanticism presented new and progressive ideas about love marriage and which started to gain acceptanceRead MoreForced Marriage : A Form Of Abuse And A Honor Crime Against Humanity Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesForced marriage has been an upcoming issue for a period of time now, as seen as a form of abuse and a honor crime against humanity specifically more so towards women throughout different cultures. Forced marriage within Europe is predominately practiced by minority cultures like South Asian, Somali, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and Latin American, among other cultures. These cultures al ike others follow their own cultural and religious practices, but with todays society other cultures may view theseRead MoreAre Arranged Marriages and Forced Marriages Unethical1550 Words   |  7 PagesAre Arranged Marriages and Forced Marriages Unethical? Would you consider having your marriage forced or arranged to a person you never met or seen before? Most probably no, but this is happening to many young females and males all over the world. Arranged and forced marriages have been a heated debate in certain cultures, justifying whether it is good or bad it’s hard to judge. There have however also been many changes to these traditions in contemporary society, regarding culture clashing. ResearchingRead MoreReflection and Analysis of My Works on Forced Marriage803 Words   |  3 PagesBoth my literary and non-fiction piece were based on the conflicting topic of forced marriage and seeing the obstacles being tackled .Through the influence the reporter Nick Owen, my opinion article was aimed to question the readers whether cultural issues and norms should be used as a justification to get young girls married to someone they hardly know. This is due to some people addressing this practise as a cultural† thing and opposes making it a criminal offence. Similarly my fictional storyRead MoreStruggle for Children’s Rights987 Words   |  4 Pagespermanent divorce,† this is a saying of a 10-year-old wife - who was suffering from child marriage (Worth, â€Å"Voices Child Marriage Yemen†). Child marriage is a terrible scenario for children, especially for little girls. They are forced to marry, before they are mature enough due to social norms, traditions and their family members, whom they are depending on. According to statistics in 2013, in Bangladesh, the child marriage prevalence under the age of 18 is 66%. 240 among 100,000 child wives died, when theyRead MoreGlobal Issue: Women’s Rights823 Words   |  3 Pagesage of six, Tahani was forced to be married to a man more than four times her age. Tahani’s young marriage resulted in a lack of education and regular subjection to beatings and sexual assault by her husband (Sinclair). While conditions for women in develo ped countries have drastically improved over the last few centuries, in third-world areas, stories like Tahani’s are still very common. Despite advances in equality, girls all over the world are still forced into marriage at very young ages, deniedRead MoreThe Shrew By William Shakespeare1196 Words   |  5 Pagesdistinction of All’s Well That Ends Well from other comedies comes mainly from the fact that the resulting marriage is not a mutual affection, at least not until Bertram’s life is at stake. While The Taming of the Shrew also focused on a couple that shared mutual affection, Petruccio wanted only the prestige and property and Kate never wanted the marriage, it also included a wooing and marriage that was consensual between Bianca and Lucentio. Without an additional relationship, All’s Well That EndsRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Arranged Marriage1006 Words   |  5 Pages We as a nation are based upon freedom and free choice. Races and nationalities have fought for freedom and equal rights. If Arranged Marriages are taken away, it takes a way the freedom of religion doings that our country was based upon. People consider arranged marriages to be banned because it is considered not a freedom of choice. Many women are often forced to marry a man typically 4 years older than them. These reasonings could vary because the family is poor and need money or need their daughterRead MoreThe Issue Of Marriage And Divorce1490 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage and divorce has always been a tricky subject for many couples, the fear of rejection, starting a family or hurting their other counterpart can come to play in many situations throughout their relationship. Traditionally marriages were known to be a sacred bond between two individuals. This bond can be between two heterosexuals or two individuals of the same sex. On May 17th, 2004 Massachusetts became the first state to allow all same-sex marriages (Dinno 2013). In Canada same-sex marriagesRead MoreMarriage Is The Voluntary Union Of One Man And One Woman1662 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Marriage is the voluntary union of one man and one womanâ € , which has been recognised by law and ceremony essentially in every society for centuries. However, throughout history marriages have taken many dissimilar forms. The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 was passed by Parliament which introduced civil marriage for same-sex couples in England and Wales. The legislation authorised religious institutions to be able to marry same-sex couples at their discretion, safeguarding religious institutions

Les Gens De Couleur Libres, The Free People of Col Essay Example For Students

Les Gens De Couleur Libres, The Free People of Col Essay or in New OrleansShattered dreams. Broken promises. They were hung between freedom and slavery. They struggled to find a different kind of freedom and independency where justice has yet to exist and racism wasnt just a part of life, but what life was all about. New OrleansNew Orleans is a city in southern Louisiana, located on the Mississippi River. Most of the city is situated on the east bank, between the river and Lake Pontchartrain to the north. Because it was built on a great turn of the river, it is known as the Crescent City. New Orleans was founded in 1718 by Jean Baptiste Le Moyne, sieur de Bienville, and named for the regent of France, Philippe II, duc dOrleans. It remained a French colony until 1763, when it was surrendered to the Spanish. In 1800, Spain ceded it back to France; in 1803, New Orleans, along with the entire Louisiana Purchase, was sold by Napoleon I to the United States. Like the early American settlements along Massachusetts Bay and Chesapeake Bay, New Orleans served as a distinctive cultural gateway to North America, where people from Europe and Africa initially intertwined their lives and customs with those of the native inhabitants of the New World. The resulting way of life differed dramatically from the culture than was spawned in the English colonies of North America. New Orleans is a place where Africans, Indians and European settlers shared their cultures and blended together. Encouraged by the French government, this strategy for producing a tough, durable culture in a difficu lt place, marked New Orleans as different and special and it still continues to distinguish the city today. The AfricansAfrican Americans make up about half of the city of New Orleans population to date. How did this come about? Well, during the eighteenth century, Africans came to the city directly from West Africa. The majority passed neither through the West Indies nor South America, so they developed complicated relations with both the Indian and Europeans. The Spanish rulers (1765-1802) reached out to the black population for support against the French settlers; in doing so, they allowed many to buy their own freedom. These free black settlers along with Creole slaves formed the earliest black urban settlement in North America. The CreolesA Creole is a person born in the West Indies or Spanish America but of European, usually Spanish, ancestry. And it also means a person descended from Africans and European. Those were the Free People of Color. They were highly skilled craftsmen, business people, educators, writers, planters, and musicians. Many free women of color were highly skilled seamstresses, hairdressers, and cooks while some owned property and kept boarding houses. Some of them were planters before and after the Civil War and owned slaves. Although shocking and incomprehensible to many people today, the fact that some free people of color owned slaves must come to light. DiscriminationWhile financial prosperity was common, discrimination was also. Although business was performed between whites and Creoles of color in public houses, they did not socialize outside of business arrangements. Striking of a white person by a free person of color could mean arrest. Free people of color could not vote, no m atter how white they may have looked. Women by law were forced to cover their hair with a scarf in the early part of the 19the century. Being clever, they soon sported sophisticated headgear complete with feather and jewels. Opera and theatre going was a favorite pastime of both white and the gens de couleur, although they were not seated together. .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .postImageUrl , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:hover , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:visited , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:active { border:0!important; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:active , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Ethical Dilemma Of The Indian Barial Contovers EssayPlacageAmerican immigrants found them to be quite exotic, for the black Creoles were Catholic, French or Creole speakers, and accustomed to an entirely different lifestyle. Placage was an arrangement between a free woman of color and a white protector. As it was illegal for a woman of color to marry a white man. The arrangements benefited both parties involved. French and Spanish fathers treated their Creole children equitable, often sending them to Europe for education and making them legal heirs. Creole Society and CustomsThe people of color are a unique group of people that have contributed to the most European city in America, New Orleans. Their lifestyle inclined towards those of freed slaves; they were allowed to own businesses, farms, houses and even slaves of their own. Mansions in and near Natchez are representative of Creole architecture. They had large spacious rooms with high vaulted ceilings, arched doorways, overhead fanlights, and wrought-iron railings. There were tall white columns, broad galleries, and large entrances on the outside of the houses. In the back of the most mansions was the kitchen and further back were the slave quarters. The mansions grounds were gorgeous with magnificent old trees and Spanish moss, tons of flowers, and gracious lawns. The inside of the mansions reflected the plantation owners wealth; hand-carved rosewood furniture, mantles, stairs, etc.; winding mahogany staircases, decorated ceilings, etc. The Creoles loved to dance and they attended many balls. Society balls were usually sponsored by a group of bachelors and young married men. Other entertainments included attending the opera or the theatre, vaudeville shows, concerts and parades. The men liked to gamble, play billiards, backgammon, checkers, dominoes, or attend cockfights, horse races, dogfights, and bullfights. Creole customs can be divided into two kinds: religious and non-religious. Religious customs focus on holidays: All Saints Day, Mardi Gras and Easter, for example. On All Saints Day Creoles bring flowers made of white, black, or purple tissue paper to place on graves in the cemetery. The week before this holiday shops display crowns and crosses with black beads and immortelles, which might be pictures of saints. Mardi GrasLoosely interpreted, it means, Fat Tuesday. Mardi Gras is celebrated on the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday, which is the beginning of Lent. Lent is the season of prayer and fasting observed by the Roman Catholic Church and other Christian denominations during the forty days and seven Sundays before Easter Sunday. The custom of masking on Mardi Gras was brought from France by the early settlers. During the period when Louisiana was a French, and later a Spanish province, the maskers went from house to house, but there was no regular street parade until after the Americans came into the State. The Americans thought Mardi Gras might become a business enterprise, and be made 80 attractive as to draw visitors to New Orleans. Early Tuesday morning the merry children, noisy with tinkling bells and dressed in masks and gay dominoes, come out of their houses and visit from door to door in their neighborhood. Later in the day there is a street parade, and another one at night. The Mardi Gras gayeties end with the most brilliant ball of the season. In conclusion I would like to repeat that from the earliest days of New Orleans history, free persons of color have coexisted with those of European extraction. They didnt have to get along fine, but that was just a way of life, which many, had to either accept or fight against. The free people of color, although free, did not have all of the rights of their white counterparts. As Charles E. ONeill, in Our People and Our History, defined it They shared neither the privileges of the master class nor the degradation of the slave. They stood between or rather apart sharing the cultivated tastes of the upper caste and the painful humiliation attached to the race of the enslaved. .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 , .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .postImageUrl , .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 , .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:hover , .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:visited , .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:active { border:0!important; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:active , .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0 .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uea84d23ce45aba00177f6853e1dec0e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Multiple Intelligences EssaySOURCESOur People and Our History by Rodolphe Lucien Desdunes and Dorothea Olga McCants. Creole New Orleans: Race and Americanization by Arnold R. Hirsch Joseph Logsdon. http://www.wholehostno.com/nohistory.html

Thomas Paine Essays - American Revolution, Pamphlets,

Thomas Paine Thomas Paine came as a English man who didn't have much of anything, not many friends, not much money, but with the help of others wishing to keep him alive and give him a chance at a new life. Thomas Paine grew from a sick, unshaven, almost penniless, dirty man to a clean shaven man who helped band thousands of Englishmen together to fight for Independence. Thomas Paine was born in England on January 29, 1737. Paine travelled to American 1774, He landed, then went to Pennsylvania. When he landed he started teaching two children with the recommendation of Benjamin Franklin. After he got a job as a journalist and essayist and helped a Scotsman named Robert Aitkin start a magazine called the Pennsylvania Magazine. They talked all night about it. Aitkin taught Paine everything he would need to know about the job. Atkin gave Paine food, a shaving, clean clothes and cleaned up his act. Paine, who had been a heavy drinker had stopped drinking for a while, too. The Battle at Lexington and Concorde soon came about and nobody was too happy about it. The next day after they heard this news, a huge mob assembled outside of the state house. Thomas Paine was one of the speakers trying to calm down all of the eight-thousand people that were in front of the building. Paine soon went to a ball to represent the Pennsylvania Magazine in which he represented. He had a lot of answers to questions people kept asking him. Paine was finally fired when he argued with Aitkin because he wanted to put an article in the paper. It was called Reflections on Titles. The Second Continental Congress met, and Paine was introduced to someone he didn't recognize named George Washington. Paine spent two days in his room trying to write down what he thought of all this. One night soon after, Paine was drunk with Sam Adams and Michael Clowsky, the expatriate pole and he mentioned that he thinks they need a new world, or independence. At first the Pole laughed at him, but Adams liked the idea. Aitkin still tried to get Paine back because many people liked his articles and his poems he'd have in the paper. Paine still stood his ground and said no, Aitkin also didn't want Paine to hold a grudge, but Paine said he doesn't hold a grudge against anyone but himself. One of Paine's friends was Thomas Jefferson. Paine looked forward to sharing a pot of coffee with him, dinner or just sitting in front of a fire. Jefferson drew from Paine as much of him as he could and then put the confused memories and assembled it all with meaning. One time Jefferson was giving a small dinner and asked Paine to come. At first Paine refused because he valued his friendship with Jefferson and didn't want to make a fool out of himself in front of Virginians. Jefferson finally persuaded Paine to go. Paine was amazed at the dinner. Washington knew of Paine and quickly shook hands with him. Washington often read the Pennsylvania Magazine while Paine didn't expect him to of read anything. Paine grew a friendship with Washington and wasn't surprised when Washington was made commander in chief of group of Yankees who were like hungry wolves around Boston. After meeting a family called the Rumpels, Paine knew what he had to do. He wanted to be more clear. Then he started to write Common Sense. He only had a bed, a bolster, chest, coat-rack, table, two fairly good suits of clothes, ink and paper. That was all that he needed plus a few pennies for candles, something for food, and something to drink. Paine started drinking rum or anything that would help his pen move on the paper. Without realizing it, he neglected his appearence, sometimes spending twenty-four hours in his room, shaving less often, holding his small stash of money, allowing his clothes to wear out and become shabby. Thomas sometimes sold a poem or two to Aitkin. While he would sell, Aitkin would ask how his masterpiece would be coming along. Paine said that it wasn't a masterpiece, it was just some common sense. When he was finished with it, Aitkin refused to publish it because he didn't want to get caught for treason. He did, however, recommend someone who 'prints everything. Paine went to the man whose name was Bobby Bell, also a Scotsman. It was soon published as a small book. People everywhere